Showing posts with label Joe Paterno. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Joe Paterno. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 7, 2011

Penn State tragedy from a warrior culture supported by religion

[caption id="attachment_13332" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Nittany Lions Flag for Penn State University"][/caption]

Carol Forsloff - Gerald “Jerry” Sandusky of Penn State University has been the hero to many football fans as one of the college’s coaches, but the tragedy about his alleged sexual abuse of young boys comes not just from a single individual but a warrior culture of football supported by religion.

Trevor Roper, a famous scholar known for his writings on Germany, paralleled the German culture and that of the United States in a presentation at the University of Washington in the 1960’s.  In observing the similarities of these two cultures, he maintained that both have a love of the military and its trappings, the symbolism, the rhetoric and the uniforms, all of which are woven through the fabric of people’s behavior.

That love of the military, that fondness for symbols related to courage, honor, and aggression and to win at any cost can be seen in the advancement of football in the nation’s universities.

The value of the sport can be seen in the downsizing of staff and curriculum at some of the country’s colleges.  Dr. Randall Webb, President of Northwestern University in Natchitoches, Louisiana, said not long ago in response to the status of the athletics department vs academics in Louisiana’s budget, that the sports department virtually maintains the school and the programs associated with it at the University while engineering and technical departments were reduced.  He said, “The fans support the University.  We have to make sure we keep sports in place because that’s where much of our money comes.”

In every college town in America where there’s a football field, there’s a crowd of people waiting for a game.  It is, however, the way it is held up as the strength, the pinnacle, the foundation and the very hope of the educational institutions that worries many people following the recent stories of alleged sexual abuse in Penn State’s football culture authorities ignored.

After the revelation of alleged sexual molestation by one of Penn State’s popular coaches, at first the students, and many townspeople, went to the home of coach, Joe Paterno, proclaiming their allegiance to him as one of their sports heroes, one of those commanders on the football field that help promote the game.  Acknowledgment for the victims came in second to the protection of the royal figures who make the football king.

At the first game following the news of alleged sexual abuse by a key sports administrator at Penn State, a prayer was said for the victims, and then the game began.  It is the prayer players and fans turn to before many games with the hope the team might win.  The support of the game, like the gladiator performances in ancient Rome, is the honor of the gods in a ritual that emulates those hastening to death.  In this case the death is not the physical but the spiritual and ethical life of education, founded upon a warrior class that maintains the sports kingdom in its grandeur, glory and the heroes that prevail.  And while the game was lost that day, many loyal fans remained steadfast to their leadership in spite of all the news.  A quote from the New York Daily News reflected feelings from  folks that preceded the first game.  “Mixed emotions greeted all comers at the first Penn State game without Paterno, who was dismissed in light of the Sandusky revelations, leading the Nittany Lions in 46 years. His statue, outside the stadium's east entrance, was surrounded by state troopers and visited by fans wrapping their arms around the bronzed figure of the bespectacled coach who was fired as a result of the widening sexual abuse scandal.”

On December 7 the nation’s news reported Sandusky’s arrest after the revelation from two additional victims about sexual abuse involving the famous coach.  At the same time, USA Today reported how the new Penn State University President Rodney Erickson is hoping to change the university’s image from a “football school”  to a “world class research institution.”

May that be the clarion call for other schools to put learning above the warrior culture and real honor before shame.





Sunday, November 13, 2011

The ‘Bystander Effect’ and the Penn State Sports Scandal

[caption id="attachment_10723" align="alignleft" width="216" caption="Kitty Genovese"][/caption]

Carol Forsloff - 48 years ago a woman named Kitty Genovese was chased and killed as more than 30 people watched the initial struggles of the young woman and listened to her cries for help and failed to report the incident to police, a long time echo of what is now occurring at Pennsylvania State University.

At the time of the Genovese incident, people around the country said they were surprised that people failed to come to the aid of the woman, who was in full view of the windows surrounding the incident when she was killed; people watched a shadowy figure struggle with Genovese who was later found dead. The most serious criticism at the time was the fact that so many people failed to even call the police.

In the face of the greatest scandal ever to face Pennsylvania State University, people are said to have ignored the repeated accusations against administrative coach Jerry Sandusky allegedly performing inappropriate acts on young boys. From the President of the University to members of the sport administration,  like the famous Penn State Coach, Joe Paterno, people are being accused of having evidence or accusations and failing to notify proper authorities or covering up evidence. Sports experts maintain the abuse scandal is part of the ongoing problems that have gripped the area of sports that have included use of steroids and other issues related to poor sportsmanship. But the problem goes further.

That problem is the failure to warn, that admonition given to many professionals in service sectors. In this case it is said that abused children took a second seat to the reputation of the University and the famous football team. There have been a series of research articles done on the topic of the bystander effect defined as “ the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present, the less likely people are to help a person in distress. When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses.” In other words, a single person is more likely to render aid than a group of individuals.

Researchers LatanĂ© and Darley organized college students in cubicles where they listened to what they thought were cries for help from real people. When a student believed he or she was the only one available to help, 85% responded and provided assistance. When they believed there were others available to help, only 65% responded to help. This percentage dropped to 31% when the students believed there were at least four other persons available to help. Researchers found that the more people the students found might be available to offer aid, the fewer actually responded.

According to an article specific to the topic of the bystander effect, bystanders go through a five-step before they decide to do nothing:

  • Notice the event (or in a hurry and not notice).

  • Realize the emergency (or assume that as others are not acting, it is not an emergency).

  • Assume responsibility (or assume that others will do this).

  • Know what to do (or not)

  • Act (or worry about danger, legislation, embarrassment, etc.)

Penn state students and officials now express their sympathy with the victims in the recent scandal even as many people expressed shock that no one responded to Kitty Genovese’ cries for help. The lesson from those bystanders was the one likely failed by those in the administration of sports who knew better and failed to act.